
The Chandela temples of Khajuraho in central India built in
the tenth century A.D. Contain stunning sculptures. Among
the vast number of temple architecture of India, the Khajuraho
complex remains unique. Total, 85 temples were built which
possessed magnificent form and were richly carved. The amazingly
short span of 100 years, from 950 AD - 1050 AD, saw the completion
of all the temples, in an inspired burst of creativity. Today,
of the original 85, only 22 have survived the ravages of time.
The Khajuraho Temples are a perfect example of the excellence
of Indo-Aryan architecture and reflect the joyous celebration
of all aspects of life. The temple complex is divided into
three groups, The Western group of Temples, Eastern group
of temples and the Southern group of temples. These groups
include all the prominent monuments built by the Chandela
rulers.
The finest and most common sculptures at Khajuraho were those
of youthful celestial dancers, engraved with beautiful gems
and garments. Some of the finest sculptures possessed specific
themes such as domestic scenes, teacher and disciples, dancers
and musicians and couples or groups.
Khajuraho Temples are divided into Three major groups:
Western Group of Temples:
The most prominent structure at Khajuraho is the Kandariya
Mahadeo temple, which is the largest soars 31 km high, dedicated
to Lord Shiva, the sanctum enshrines a lingam, a phallic symbol,
a symbol of energy, fertility and potency. The various temples
in the western group of temples are:
Chaunsath Yogini Temple : The amorous couples are most
sensuously depicted in the Chaunsath Yogini temple, the
only granite temple and the earliest surviving shrine of
the group (900 A.D), is dedicated to goddess Kali.
Chitragupta Temple: Facing eastwards to the rising
sum , Chitragupta temple is dedicated to the Sun God Surya
. The image of the deity in the inner sanctum is particularly
imposing; five feet high and driving a horse drawn chariot.
Vishwanath Temple: A three headed image of Brahma is enshrined
in Vishwanath Temple. The approach is equally impressive,
with lions flaking the northern and elephants the southern
steps that lead up to it.
Lakshman Temple: The lintel over the entrance of beautiful
Lakshman Temple shows the trinity of Lords Brahma, Vishnu
and Shiva, with Lakshmi, Vishnu's consort. The finely carved
sanctum has a three-headed idol of Vishnu's incarnations,
Narasimha and Varaha.
Matengeswara Temple: One of the oldest temple, Matengeswara
temple, is dedicated to Lord Shiva and has an eight feet
high lingam.
Eastern Group of Temples
The temples in this group can be subdivided into two one being
a cluster of Jain temples and another scattered through the
small village.
Parsvanath Temple:Parsvanath Temple is the largest in
this group. The temple was initially dedicated to Adinath
but the statue was replaced by that of Parsavanath in 1860
A.D.
Jain Temple: The Jain temple, Gantai temple, has a
frieze, which depicts the 16 dreams of Mahavira's mother and
a Jain goddess on a winged Garuda.
Adinath Temple: Dedicated to the Jain saint Adinath,
Adinath Temple is lavishly embellished with sculpted figures,
including Yakshis. The three Hindu temples of the group are
the Brahma containing a four-faced linga; the Vamana, which
is adorned on its outer walls with carvings of Apsaras in
a variety of sensuous attitudes; and the Javari, with a richly
carved gateway and exterior sculptors.
Southern Group
This comprises only two temples. A track running south from
Jain enclosures reaches the first called Duladeo Temple.
It is among the latest built temples at Khajuraho, more
accurate, finer and equally graceful, with figures of Mithuna
(sexual intercourse) and women in various poses. The other
temple is Chaturbhuj Temple which has a three meter image
of Vishnu.